Коллективное действие и экосистемные услуги: балансирование выпаса скота и биоразнообразия в микрозаповеднике «Байбоосун»

Murat Zhumashev^a & Mestre Irene^b

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^a CAMP Alatoo Public Foundation, Ufimskii street 3 Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic;
^b Institut Français d’Etudes sur l’Asie Centrale, Isanova street 24, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

*Email: irene.mestre@cnrs.fr

Есенгали Оскенбаев: oskenbay@gmail.com; Алишер Сансызбаев: alisher.sansyzbaev@narxoz.kz

https://doi.org/10.29258/CAJSCR/2025-R1.v4-1/13-30.eng

Тематический кластер: Климат, Ландшафт / Сельское хозяйство, Окружающая среда

Тип статьи: Научная статья

27 февраля, 2025

© Photo Pavel Bolshakov 2019

Аннотация

Данное исследование посвящено созданию и управлению микрозаповедником «Байбоосун», первым в Кыргызстане микрозаповедником, инициированным сообществом, который сочетает сохранение биоразнообразия и устойчивое управление пастбищами в горных экосистемах. Используя подход качественного кейс-стади, исследование было разработано совместно географом и сотрудниками местных НПО на основе данных, собранных посредством интервью, participatory workshops (совместных рабочих встреч) и внутренних отчетов за период 2019–2025 годов. В работе использовалась концептуальная рамка социальных взаимозависимостей и экосистемных услуг (ЭУ) для анализа динамики заинтересованных сторон и многофункционального землепользования. Создание микрозаповедника было инициировано местными акторами, в частности охотниками и пастбищными комитетами (ПК), при поддержке национальной НПО, а также государственных органов. План управления заповедником направлен на баланс между сохранением биоразнообразия и агропастбищным использованием, избегая исключительных практик. Он также делает акцент на вовлечении на низовом уровне, производстве знаний и целостности экосистем. Ключевыми факторами, способствовавшими успеху, стали сдвиги в когнитивном восприятии заинтересованных сторон, взаимодействие между различными уровнями институтов и правовые инновации, поддерживающие общинное управление охраняемыми территориями. Однако для дальнейшего исследования требуются дополнительные данные об экологических результатах и связности таких заповедников в ландшафтном масштабе. Данное исследование предоставляет эмпирические данные о многофункциональном управлении земельными ресурсами и природоохранной деятельности на основе сообщества, предлагая тем самым инновационную рамку для интеграции экосистемных услуг и управления в постсоветских агропастбищных ландшафтах.

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Доступно на английском

Для цитирования: Mirzabaev, A., Oskenbayev, Y., Sansyzbayev, A. (2025). The role of land restoration for climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation in Kazakhstan. Central Asian Journal of Sustainability and Climate Research, 4(1), 13-30. https://doi.org/10.29258/CAJSCR/2025-R1.v4-1/13-30.eng

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Author contributions: 

MZh, IM, CAMP Alatoo PF and Baiboosun Jaratylysh Korugu PF conceived and supervised the study. MZh, CAMP Alatoo PF and Baiboosun Jaratylysh Korugu PF collected and organized the data. IM developed the conceptual framework, analysed data, wrote the paper and made manuscript revisions.

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