Восходящие подходы к совместному производству знаний в управлении пастбищами: на примере Кыргызстана

Mestre Irene

Institut Français d’Etudes sur l’Asie Centrale, Isanova street 24, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

*Email: irene.mestre@cnrs.fr

https://doi.org/10.29258/CAJSCR/2026-R1.v5-1/35-52.eng

Тематический кластер: Устойчивое развитие, Ландшафт / Сельское хозяйство

Тип статьи: Научная статья

Июнь 08, 2026

Пастбища Солтон-Сары, Нарынская область, 2012 г. Фото: Ирен Местре

Abstract

Данная статья исследует, как акторы местного уровня в системе общинного управления пастбищами Кыргызстана организовались для влияния на производство знаний и формирование политики. В ней рассматривается сложное взаимодействие между децентрализацией, координацией заинтересованных сторон и динамикой власти в управлении пастбищными ресурсами. В статье описываются результаты качественного встроенного множественного кейс-стади, проведённого в период с 2011 по 2019 год. Шесть муниципалитетов (айылных аймаков) в Нарынской и Джалал-Абадской областях были изучены посредством 99 полуструктурированных интервью, включённого наблюдения в НПО и взаимодействия с национальными заинтересованными сторонами. Принципы устойчивого общинного управления Остром были использованы в качестве аналитической рамки, дополненной литературой по вопросам управления и социального обучения. Реформа децентрализации в Кыргызстане создала новые управленческие структуры, в частности объединения пастбищепользователей и их исполнительные органы, а также Пастбищные комитеты (ПК), действующие в фрагментированной институциональной среде. ПК гибко адаптировались, однако сталкивались с трудностями в координации с государственными органами и местными акторами. Создание Национальной Ассоциации пастбищепользователей обеспечило платформу для политического представительства, обмена знаниями и формирования легитимности, способствуя восходящему влиянию на национальную политику. Тем не менее противоречия в законодательстве и зависимость от донорского финансирования остаются ключевыми ограничениями. Данное исследование подчёркивает значение местной агентивности в формировании устойчивого управления ресурсами и содействии партисипативным процессам формирования политики.

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Для цитирования: Mestre, I. (2026). Participatory stakeholder approaches to and systemic thinking in agricultural production and resource use in Central Asia. Central Asian Journal of Sustainability and Climate Research, 5(1), 35-52. https://doi.org/10.29258/CAJSCR/2026-R1.v5-1/35-52.eng

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